Lender category

Private-credit & direct-lending funds

Private-credit (direct-lending) funds lend from institutional capital — pension and insurance money — rather than deposits. That funding base lets them hold more leverage, underwrite on cashflow rather than assets, and structure around an event a bank will not. The flexibility is priced accordingly, above bank terms on rate and covenants, and it pays for itself when the cheaper end of the market declines or cannot do the structure.

Maintained by Solon Corporate Finance · Last reviewed 27 September 2026

When a borrower should look here

Look to direct lending when the raise turns on the equity story rather than the balance sheet — funding growth, a buy-and-build, an acquisition, a refinancing or a recapitalisation that needs more leverage or more flexibility than a clearing or challenger bank will extend. It rewards preparation: a clean information memorandum, a built model and a complete data room let a fund reach a credit view in days. The trade is price and covenants above bank terms in exchange for that reach and certainty.

How they differ from one another

Forty-six funds, split by the segment they actually serve and by what they underwrite. Unitranche and senior direct lenders are the core: Beechbrook, Kartesia, Apera, Cordet, DunPort, Shard Credit, SME Capital and ThinCats will write the sub-£15m cheque on its own merits, several of them without a private-equity sponsor behind it, while Arcmont, Park Square, Permira Credit, CVC Credit, Ares, Barings and Bridgepoint Credit are larger pan-European platforms whose core tickets start higher and reach down only selectively. Growth and venture lenders including Kreos, Claret, Columbia Lake, Salica and Palatine Growth Credit underwrite recurring revenue and runway rather than earnings, so they lend where there is no EBITDA to multiply. Mezzanine and special-situations houses such as Blazehill, Duke, Harwood and Hilco price complexity, junior risk or a difficult trading period. Appetite also splits on sector, on sponsored versus sponsorless, and on how far each will stretch leverage.

The private-credit & direct-lending funds

Unitranche & senior direct29

Single-tranche cashflow debt from institutional capital, sized on EBITDA.

Growth & venture debt13

Debt underwritten on recurring revenue and growth rather than earnings.

A curated reference map drawn from public sources: informational, not a ranking or a recommendation.